İngilizceEfsanevi

Values & Norms

Değerler

11. Sınıf İngilizce

In the recently discovered 'Codex of Aethelgard', the society is described as having no formal judicial system, yet crime rates were virtually non-existent for centuries. Every citizen was required to perform daily acts of 'altruistic reciprocity', where personal gain was secondary to communal welfare. Given that no evidence of coercion or physical punishment was ever found in the ruins, what is the most sophisticated deduction regarding their social structure?

Şıklar

A

They should have developed a police force to ensure that the citizens were actually following the rules of altruism.

B

The internalization of ethical norms must have been so profound that social ost\fracism alone served as a sufficient deterrent against deviance.

C

Their survival can't have depended on communal efforts since they focused more on individual altruistic acts rather than collective ones.

D

The citizens might be forced to act kindly because of the lack of a judicial system, implying a hidden layer of authoritarianism.

E

They must have been suffering from a lack of resources, which is why they were forced to share everything they had with one another.

Çözüm Açıklaması

Soru, geçmişe dair bir çıkarım yapmamızı istiyor (Modal of deduction in the past). Metinde fiziksel zorlama veya mahkeme olmadığı, ancak suçun da olmadığı belirtiliyor. Bu durum, etik değerlerin (norms) o kadar içselleştirildiğini gösterir ki, başka bir cezaya gerek kalmamıştır. 'Must have been' yapısı, eldeki güçlü kanıtlara dayanan yüksek ihtimalli bir çıkarımı ifade eder. B şıkkı, toplumsal dışlanmanın (social ost\fracism) tek başına yeterli bir caydırıcı olduğunu belirterek en mantıklı akademik çıkarımı sunar.

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